| +, / | Table 1a – Connecting symbols. Coordination. Extension Scope Note: The symbols in Table 1a extend rather than restrict the meaning of a number. They are used to enlarge the scope of a class to include associated classes, whether separate or adjacent in the UDC notation. A subject represented with two numbers connected with + or / has a broader scope than a subject represented by a single number e.g. 73+75 or 73/75 represent broader content than 73 on its own Application Note: Use with biterminal auxiliaries. When the plus + and stroke or slash / are used to link auxiliary numbers with biterminal signs (i.e. parentheses or quotation marks), the resultant compound number is enclosed within a single set of signs. These symbols are not used to link common auxiliaries from different series (tables) which are simply cited one after the other e.g. (410)(051) Britain – periodicals (place – form) or (410)(051)”20″ Britain – periodicals – 21st century (place – form – time). Filing order: Compounds containing + and / file before the simple number itself. First in the filing order comes the number followed by +; secondly, the number followed by /; thirdly, the simple number ◇ (470+571) Russian Federation with respect to its European and Asian territories ◇ “19/20” The 20th and 21st centuries |
| + | Coordination. Addition Scope Note: The coordination sign + (plus) connects two or more separated (non-consecutive, non-related) UDC numbers, to denote a compound subject for which no single number exists ◇ (44+460) France and Spain ◇ 622+669 Mining and metallurgy |
| / | Consecutive extension Scope Note: The extension sign / (stroke or slash) connects the first and last of a series of consecutive UDC numbers to denote a broad subject, or range of concepts Application Note: If the number following the stroke is more than three digits long and begins with a group of digits in common with the preceding number, it may be abbreviated by omitting the digits common to both, so long as the first item after the stroke is a decimal point. Thus, in the notation built from 629.734 and 629.735, the group 629 is common to both and is not repeated; the group .735 following the stroke is coordinate with .734 preceding it: 629.734/.735; this is equivalent to 629.734+629.735 ◇ 34.01/.09 Special auxiliary subdivision for class 34 Law ◇ 592/599 Systematic zoology (equivalent to 592+593…+599) ◇ 629.734/.735 Heavier-than-air craft. Aeroplanes ◇ 643/645 The home and household equipment |
| :, ::, [] | Table 1b – Relating symbols: Relation. Order-fixing. Subgrouping Scope Note: Colon :, square brackets [] and double colon :: are added to UDC numbers to specify further concepts. In essence they are a method whereby the whole classification becomes available for adding to any one class if necessary |
| : | Simple relation Scope Note: The relation sign : (colon) indicates relationship between two or more subjects by connecting their UDC numbers. Unlike the plus and stroke (Table 1a), the colon restricts rather than extends the subjects it connects Application Note: When the colon is used to link auxiliary numbers with biterminal signs (i.e. parentheses or quotation marks), the resultant compound number is enclosed within a single set of signs, e.g. (44:450). If required, the type of relationship between two concepts, such as bias phase, comparison, influence, etc. may be further specified using common auxiliaries of phase relations -042 ◇ 17:7 Ethics in relation to art ◇ 341.63(44:430) Arbitration of disputes between France and Germany ◇ 37-042.3:32 Influence of politics on education ◇ 37-042.4:004 Use of computers in education ◇ 628.463:692.758 Refuse collection systems using refuse chutes ⇨ -042 Phase relations |
| :: | Order fixing Scope Note: The double colon :: indicates a relationship and fixes the order of the UDC numbers. The symbol is used when there is a need to stress that the number following the double colon is a specification (part of the definition) of the subject by adding attribute(s) to the preceding number and that the reverse order does not represent the same meaning ◇ 061.2(100)::[54+66]IUPAC International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry ◇ 77.044::355.4 War photography |
| [] | Subgrouping Scope Note: Square brackets [ ] may be used as a subgrouping device within a complex combination of UDC numbers, in order to clarify the relationship of the components. Subgrouping may be needed when a subject denoted by two or more UDC numbers linked by plus sign, stroke or colon is as a whole related to another number by colon, or is modified by a common or special auxiliary ◇ 004.384:[621.771.016.3:669.14] Computers in cold-rolling mills for steel ◇ [622+669](485) Mining and metallurgy in Sweden |