Judaism

Special auxiliary subdivision for Judaism

Scope Note: This special auxiliary subdivision represents the application of the main special auxiliary subdivision for religion 2-1/-9 to Judaism. It contains only a selection of the most relevant classes and concepts that were further developed specifically for Judaism

Application Note: To introduce more concepts, not present here, use special auxiliaries 2-1/-9

⇨ 2-1/-9  Special auxiliary subdivision for religion

Jewish theology

26-13

Kedushah. The Holy. The Sacred

26-14

God. Jewish understanding of God

The names of God. Adonai, Elohim, haShem, haKodesh baruch hu, Ribbono shel olam, Avinu she’ba shamayim

The appearance of God. Kavod. The glory of God

26-144.7

Ruah haKodesh. The Holy Spirit. Spirit of God

Hierarchy of divine personifications, supernatural beings, mythical creatures in Judaism

Supernatural beings

Angels

26-167.4

Guardians. Cherubim

Malevolent beings in Judaism

◇ 26-167.6ASM  Ashmodei. Asmodeua

Evil spirit Dibbuk

Man. Mankind in Judaism. Humanity

Nature of man in Judaism

Nephesh. The soul

Man’s relation with God(s) in Judaism

Unbelief. Denial. Apostasy

◇ 26 184.5-051  Meshummad. Apostate

The Covenant

Sin. Wrong-doing

26-185.33

Teshuvah. Repentance

◇ 26 185.33-051 Ba’al teshuvah. Repenter

Olam haba. The world to come. Life after death

Tehiyat haMetim. Resurrection of the dead

Gehenna. Hell

Evidences of Judaism

Nirah. Divine revelation

26-23

Sacred texts

Tanakh. The Hebrew Bible

Scope Note: For the Old Testament, where the order of books follows the customary arrangement of the Christian Bible, see 27-242

26-242

Torah. The Law. The Pentateuch

Genesis

Exodus

Leviticus

Numbers

26-242.6

Deuteronomy

Nebiim / Nevi’im. The Prophets

The Former Prophets. Hanebim harishonim / Nevi’im Rishonim

Joshua

Judges

Samuel a

Samuel b

Kings a

Kings b

The latter prophets. Hanebiim haacharonim / Nevi’im Aharonim

Isaiah

Jeremiah

Ezekiel

Hosea

Joel

26-244.7

Amos

Obadiah

Jonah

Micah

26-245.4

Nahum

Habakkuk

Zephaniah

Haggai

Zachariah

Malachi

Ketubim. The writings. Hagiographa

Psalms

Proverbs

Job

26-246.5

Song of Songs

Ruth

Lamentations

Ecclesiastes

Esther

Daniel

Ezra

Nehemiah

Chronicles I

Chronicles II

The Apocrypha

Esdras I

Esdras II

Tobit

Judith

Esther

Wisdom of Solomon

Ecclesiasticus

Baruch

Letter of Jeremiah

Song of the Three Holy Children

Susannah

Bel and the Dragon

Prayer of Manasseh

Maccabees I

Maccabees II

Pseudo-canonical works in Judaism. Pseudepigrapha

26-252

Pseudepigrapha

Book of Jubilees

I Esdras

III Maccabees

IV Maccabees

Life of Adam and Eve

Epistle of Aristeas

Martyrdom of Isaiah

Psalms of Solomon

Book of Enoch

Assumption of Moses

Apocalypses of Baruch

IV Esdras

Sibylline oracles

26- 253.7

Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs

Other pseudepigrapha of the Hebrew Bible

Rabbinic literature

Midrash. Midrashim. Interpretation of text

Halakhah. Halakhic midrashim. Instructions

Haggadah. Haggadic midrashim. Stories. Anecdotes

Targums. Biblical texts and commentary in Aramaic

Targum Onkelos

Targum Jonathan

Targum Yerushalmi

Midrash Rabbah

Mishnah. The oral tradition. The oral law

Six orders of Mishnah. Sedarim

Zeraim. Seeds

Mo’ed. Festivals

Nashim. Women

Nezikin. Damages

Kodashim. Holy things

Tohoroth. Purities

Tosefta. Alternative collections of oral law

Talmud

Gemara. Commentary on Mishnah

Jerusalem Talmud. Talmud yerushalmi. Palestinian Talmud

Bablylonian Talmud. Talmud babli

Biblical hermeneutics in Judaism

Siddur. The prayer book

Jewish dogmatics. Ikkarim. Articles of faith. Principles of faith

Jewish apologetics

26-285.4

Jewish polemics

Persons in Judaism

The Messiah

Scholars in Judaism

◇ 26-335AKI  Rabbi Akiva

◇ 26-335MAI  Maimonides

Jewish religious practice, observance. Jewish customs. Minhagim

Moral theology in Judaism

Yetzer hara’. Evil intention

Specific sins

◇ 26-423.57GEZ   Gezelah. Robbery

Yetzer hatov. Good intention. Hesed. Good. Virtue. Zedakah

Obedience to the law. Mizvoth / mitzvot (commandments). Minhagim (religious duties, custom, conduct)

Scope Note: Duties derived from custom rather than Law

Social behaviour in Judaism

Dietary laws

Kashruth. Kosher regulations

◇ 26 442.45:637.5  Meat

◇ 26 442.45:637.513   Shehita. Ritual slaughter

◇ 26 442.45:637.513.12-051  Shohet. Kosher butcher

Cleanliness. Washing

Mikvah. Ritual bath

⇨ 26-536.1

Rahtzah. Ritual washing of hands

Clothing. Headgear. Kippah. Skullcap

Cutting, wearing of the hair

Payoth. Sideburns. Dreadlocks

26-447

Sexual practice

Abstinence. Celibacy

Marriage and the family in Judaism

Courtship. Bethrotal. Matchmaking

◇ 26 452-051    Shadkhan. Matchmaker

Jewish marriage. Marriage contracts

◇ 26 452.2-447.7   Niddah. Abstinence in marriage

Jewish divorce   Ceremony of release. Get / gett (document of divorce)

Zedakah. Charitable giving

26-467

Hakhnasat orehim. Hospitality to strangers

26-47

Education in Judaism

Hinukh. Religious instruction. Training in the faith

Preaching

◇ 26 475-051    Darshan (preacher). Maggid / Magid (Jewish itinerant preacher)

26-5

Worship in Judaism. Ritual practice

Agents of worship in Judaism

Religious sites, locations. Holy places in Judaism

◇ 26 522(569.4)    Israel. Eretz Yisrael

Buildings for religious use in Judaism

Centres of worship in Judaism

Synagogue / beth knesset. Chief centres of worship in Judaism

◇ 26 523.41-523.2-055.2    Ezrat nashim. The women’s section

26-525.4

Kittel. Gown. Religious vestment   Tallit. Prayer shawl

Tzitzit. Fringes

Parokhet. Curtain covering the ark

Objects in worship in Judaism. Furnishings and decorations

Bimah, almemar. Platform. Shulhan. Table. Amud. Lectern

26-526.3

Aron kodesh. The Holy Ark

Lights in Jewish worship

◇ 26 526.5HAN    Hanukia / hanukkiah. Candelabrum for Hanukah / Hanukkah

◇ 26 526.5MEN   Menorah. Candelabrum

◇ 26 526.5NER Ner Tamid. Holy lamp. ‘Sanctuary lamp’

Magen David. The star of David. Religious symbols

Mezuzah. Mezuzoth

Tefillin. Phylacteries

Acts of worship in Judaism

Tefilat tzibbur. Public worship. Services

◇ 26 532.2″344.7″  Afternoon service. Minha

◇ 26 532.2″345.3″   Evening service. Maariv

Tefilat yahid. Private worship

Form of rites, worship (oral) in Judaism

Prayer

◇ 26 534.3-051 Hazzan. Cantor. Shaliah. Tzibbur. Prayer leader

Specific Jewish prayers

◇ 26 534.35ALE    Aleinu / Aleinu leshabei’ach (our duty to praise God)

◇ 26 534.35AMI   Amidah. Shmoneh Esreh. Eighteen benedictions

◇ 26 534.35BIR    Birkhat kohanim. Priestly benediction

◇ 26 534.35BOR   Barechu / borchu

◇ 26 534.35KAD   Kaddish

◇ 26 534.35MAA   Maariv Aravim / Arvit

Reading of the text in Judaism

◇ 26 534.4-051 Readers. Olim (sing. oleh)

◇ 26 534.4-242 Torah reading

◇ 26 534.4-243 Haftarah reading

26-534.5

Chanting. Incantation. Cantillation

◇ 26 534.5-051 Cantor. Hazzan

Zmiroth. Hymns. Songs

Anthems in Judaism

◇ 26-535.75ADO    Adon olam

Psalms in Judaism

◇ 26-535.8*113-118  Hallel

◇ 26-535.8*136   Hallel haGadol

Rahtzah. Ritual washing of hands

26-536.6

Dance in worship

26-543.3

Shema. Confession of faith

Penitence. Pentitential prayers. Selihoth

Kapparah. Atonement ceremony

Kiddush. Sanctification. Berakhah. Blessing

Curse. Anathema. Desecration in Judaism

Sacraments. Sacramentals. Rites of passage

26-553

Jewish birth ceremonies. Naming ceremonies

◇ 26 553-536.86  Circumcision ceremony. Brit milah (covenant of circumcision)

26-554

Adolescence. Coming of age

◇ 26 554-055.1 Bar mitzvah

◇ 26 554-055.2 Bath mitzvah

26-555

Nisuin. Jewish wedding. Marriage. Wedding ceremonies

◇ 26 555-526    Objects in the Jewish wedding ceremony: huppah / chuppah (canopy)

◇ 26 555-534    Forms of wedding rite. Ketuba (marriage contract). Kiddushim (sanctification). Sheva berakhoth (the Seven blessings)

26-557

Death. Funeral ceremonies in Judaism. Mourning

◇ 26 557-534.3″388″  Yahrzeit. Anniversary of the death

◇ 26 557-534.3″4″     Mourning periods

◇ 26 557-534.3″430*1″   Shiva. Seven day mourning

◇ 26 557-534.3″440*1″  Shloshim. Thirty days mourning

◇ 26 557-534.3″450*1″   Aveluth. Twelve month mourning

◇ 26 557-534.3 Prayers for the dead

26-558.5

Semikhah. Ordination to the Rabbinate

Excommunication. Expulsion

Celebrations in Judaism

Sabbath

Feasts and festivals, holy days in Judaism

◇ 26 565-282.5 Mahzor. Festival prayer book

Rosh haShanah. New Year

Yom haZikaron. Day of remembrance

Yom teruah. Day of sounding the shophar

◇ 26 565.24-526.9  Shophar

Y’mai teshuvah. Ten days of repentance

Yom Kippur. Day of atonement

◇ 26 565.3-53KOL    Kol nidre

◇ 26 565.3-53NEI     Neilah

◇ 26 565.3-543.7     Ashamnu. Confession of sin

Succoth. Feast of Tabernacles

◇ 26 565.4-526 Succah

◇ 26 565.4-526.6     Four symbols. Etrog. Lulav. Hadas. Arava

Shmini Atzeret and Simhat Torah. Feast of solemn assembly

Pesach. Unleavened bread. Passover

◇ 26 565.6-524 Passover symbols. Bitter herbs, etc.

◇ 26 565.6-532.3    Passover seder. Worship in the home

◇ 26 565.6-532.3-282.7   Passover haggadah

Sefirat haOmer. Counting the omer

Shavuoth. Feast of weeks

Minor festivals

Hanukah

Purim

Tisha B’av. Destruction of the Temple

Hamisha Asar. Tu b’Shevat. New year for trees

26-565.96

Lag b’Omer / Lag BaOmer. Scholar’s festival

Yom atzmaut. Day of independence

Yom Yerushalayim. Reunification of Jerusalem

26-565.99

Other festivals and holy days

Kabbalah (Cabbalah, Qabbalah). Mysticism

Visions. Merkavah mysticism. Chariot mysticism

Relations of Judaism with society. Relations with other faiths

26-674

Conflict, antagonism and hostility in Judaism. Anti-Semitism

Religious persecution of the Jews

Organizational structure of Judaism

Nature and structure of the organization of Judaism

Religious officials, persons in authority in Judaism

Officers of the religion in Judaism. Leaders. Rabbis

Kohanim. Priests

Lay persons   Gabbai. Lay head of the community

Goyim. Non-Jews. Non-adherents

Information Note: The term ‘acum’ (Ovdei Cohavim u-Mazzaloth) is used in Judaism to denote pagan gentiles or idolaters. A Hebrew term ‘kofer’ is used to denote apostate Jews

Religious law in Judaism

◇ 26 74(094)   Halakhah, collective body of Jewish laws

Rabbinical court (Beth din), religious court of Judaism

◇ 26 745-722    Av beth din. Leader of the religious court

⇨ 341.388  Special jurisdictions, e.g. for sequestration, liquidation. Various tribunals, courts of arbitration

26-747

Subjects of law in Judaism

Scope Note: Class here literature discussing the law in Judaism

Application Note: Details by colon combination with the subdivision of 34

◇ 26 747:343     Jewish criminal law

Topics of religious laws in Judaism

Scope Note: Class here literature discussing legal issues related to specific Jewish religious custom and practice

Application Note: Details by special auxiliaries 2-1/-9

◇ 26 748-45   Nashim. Family law in Judaism

◇ 26 748-454    Divorce proceedings in Judaism

Education

26-756

Secular education. Religious schools. Yeshiva. Hebrew day school

26-76

Recruitment. Missionary activity in Judaism. Missiology in Judaism

Evangelism

Proselytizing. Conversion to Judaism

◇ 26 767-052  Proselyte. Ger toshav (righteous gentile, gentile who accepts the authority of the Torah)

Forced conversion to Judaism

◇ 26 768(33)”-0140/-0037″   Forced conversion of Idumeans (Kingdom of Edom) to Judaism, during the Hasmonean dynasty,

Havuroth. Informal worship groups. House groups

Jewish religious organizations. Religious societies and associations

Jewish religious groups

26-8

Jewish schools of thought and movements

Properties related to orthodoxy in Judaism

Ultraorthodox. Hasidic movement

26-84

Properties related to the state

Judaism in particular countries

◇ 26 846(630)   Falashas, native Jewish sect of Ethiopia

26-87

Heresies

◇ 26 87-051    Apikoros. Heretic

Karaites. Karaite Judaism

Shabbetaeanism (Sabbateans)

◇ 26 873-32   Shabbetai Zevi (Sabbatai Zevi)

26-9

History of Judaism

Religion of the Biblical period. Ancient Judaism. Old Testament religion

◇ 261-1         Religious concepts. Theology of the Biblical period

◇ 261-144.3       Presence of God in Ancient Judaism. Shekinah

◇ 261-39         Kingship. Sacral kingship

◇ 261-4/-5      Religious practice in Ancient Judaism

◇ 261-522      Religious sites in Ancient Judaism

◇ 261-522.4       High places

◇ 261-523.4       The Temple

◇ 261-526.3       The Ark of the Covenant

◇ 261-538          Sacrifice

◇ 261-544.7    Cultic prophecy

◇ 261-565     Festivals in the Biblical period

◇ 261-565ROS  Rosh haShanah. New Year Festival

◇ 261-722.53-051    The Priesthood. The High Priest

◇ 261-86   Schools. Factions

◇ 261-86ESE   Essenes

◇ 261-86ESE-2  Dead Sea Scrolls

◇ 261-86ESE-24   Biblical texts

◇ 261-86ESE-24*1QM   War scroll

◇ 261-86ESE-24*4Q175   Messianic anthology

◇ 261-86ESE-24*4Q186    Calendars and astronomical material

◇ 261-86ESE-24*4Q258    Community Rule

◇ 261-86ESE-24*4Q434     Hymns to the poor

◇ 261-86PHA    Pharisees

◇ 261-86SAD    Sadducees

Ashkenazi Judaism

Sephardi Judaism

Orthodox Judaism

Neo-Orthodoxy

266

Progressive Judaism

Reform Judaism

Conservative Judaism

Reconstructionist Judaism

Humanistic Judaism

Modern movements arising from Judaism

Black Jews