Moral philosophy. Ethics. Practical philosophy

⇨ 2-42 Moral behaviour. Moral theology

Theories and trends in ethics

17.01

Concept, role, methods of ethics

Conception and task of ethics

Methods of ethics

Rational, transcendental, a priori methods

Empirical, analytical-inductive methods

Psychological methods

Historical, sociological and ethnological methods

Nature of the moral. Moral facts

Objects of moral judgement

Behaviour. Conduct. Actions. Omissions

Persons. Individuals. Character

◇ 17.021.2-056.1            Persons according to general constitution, disposition or character

◇ 17.021.2-056.31         Persons according to intelligence

◇ 17.021.2-058.6            Victims of circumstances

Social groups

⇨ 316.35 Social groups. Social organizations

The human race as an object of moral judgement. Humanity. Humankind. Mankind

⇨ 2-18 Man. Mankind. Humanity. Doctrinal anthropology

⇨ 930.1 History as a science

Moral judgement

Moral value judgement. Moral values, standards   Values of life, of happiness. Aesthetic, social, religious values. Reputation. Fame. Prestige. Esteem. Kudos

⇨ 161.225.23 Value judgements. Evaluation. Normative judgements

Consequences of moral conduct   Reward. Punishment

Moral law. Origin and content of moral law. Moral principles

Rationality of human nature (Aristotle. Thomas Aquinas)

Logical principle. Consistency. Categorical imperative (Kant)

Teleological principles. Purposes, ends

17.023.31

The individual

Social group   Family. Kinship. Tribe. People. Nation. Race. Class. Humanity

⇨ 316.35 Social groups. Social organizations

Biological ends   Life. Higher development. Übermensch (superman). Natural morality

Pleasure. Happiness. Diminution of suffering

Utility. Benefit. Welfare

Perfection. Progress. Culture, civilization

Sociological principles

Material values

Unity and multiplicity of moral principles   Clash of moral duties. Casuistry

Sources of moral perception

Consciousness of norms. Conscience

Feeling. Intuition

Insight. Reflection

Experience. Success

Basis of moral obligation. Acceptance and sanction of moral law

Heteronomy. Authority   Divine authority. Authority of the state. Social convention

Autonomy

Motives of moral conduct

Selfish impulses. Egoism. Interest

Social impulses. Solidarity

⇨ 316.628 Motivation of social behaviour. Needs. Aspirations

Sympathetic feelings   Commiseration, compassion (Schopenhauer). Conjubilation, shared joy (L. Feuerbach)

Respect for moral law. Dignity of the personality (Kant)

Ethical doctrines and points of view

Ethical doctrines and points of view according to the nature of the moral

Formalism   Rigoristic (ascetic), aesthetic, relativistic formalism

Material determination

Ethical doctrines and points of view according to the origin of moral perception

Morality of feelings. Intuitionism in Ethics

Intellectualism. Rationalism. ‘A priorism’

Voluntarism

Empiricism. Evolutionism

Ethical doctrines and points of view according to basis of moral obligation

Heteronomism. Authoritarianism

Autonomism

Ethical doctrines and points of view according to motives of moral conduct

Ethics of feeling

Ethics of reflection

Ethics of attitude

Ethical doctrines and points of view according to objects of moral conduct

Individualism   Egoism. Altruism

Universalism

Natural wholes, totalities. Historical wholes   Family. Nation. National ethos, character

Ethical doctrines and points of view according to purposes of moral conduct

Subjective purposes   Ethics of pleasure. Ethics of happiness. Hedonism. Subjective eudemonism

Objective purposes   Ethical idealism. Perfectionism. Evolutionism. Social eudemonism. Utilitarianism

Denial of moral obligation. Ethical scepticism. Immoralism. Nihilism. Neutrality

Individual ethics. Human duties to oneself

Social ethics. Duties to one’s fellow humans   Citizenship

Scope Note: For legal citizenship (nationality) see 342.71 and common auxiliaries of persons -054 (Table 1k, -05)

Relations between individual and state

⇨ 321 Forms of political organization. States as political powers

⇨ 342 Public law. Constitutional law. Administrative law

⇨ 343.3 Offences against the state

Civic morality. Civic duties. Duties of the citizen. Respect for laws and authorities

Civic virtues   Civic courage, bravery

Patriotism. Nationalism. Chauvinism

Cosmopolitanism. Humanitarianism

Duties of public authorities and governments

Moral relations among nations. International ethics   Peace and war. Pacifism. Internationalism

⇨ 341 International law

⇨ 355.01 War. Sociology of war. Philosophy of war. Militarism

Family ethics

Marriage. Matrimony   Indissolubility. Divorce

⇨ 2-45 Marriage and the family

⇨ 347.62 Marriage

⇨ 392.5 Marriage. Wedding. Nuptials

Polygamy. Monogamy. Free love. Concubinage

Duties within marriage

◇ 173.3-058.833             Duties of spouses

Abortion

Duties within the family

◇ 173.5-055.52               Duties of parents

◇ 173.5-055.52-051:173.5-055.62-052   Duties of parents to children

◇ 173.5-055.62               Duties of offspring

◇ 173.5-055.62-051:173.5-055.52-052   Duties of children to parents

◇ 173.5-055.71               Duties of siblings

173.7

Family life. Family solidarity

Professional, occupational ethics

◇ 174-057.15    Ethics of employers

◇ 174-057.15:174-057.16           Ethical relations between employers and employees

Speculation. Mammonism

Gambling. Lottery

Contract. Ethics of promises. Honourable dealing. Honesty. Fraud

Ethics of amusements and recreation

◇ 175:793.2      Morals during festivities, e.g. carnival fever

◇ 175:793.3      Morals of dancing

Sexual ethics. Sexual morality

◇ 176:7              Sexual ethics and art

◇ 176:82            Sexual ethics and literature

⇨ 173 Family ethics

⇨ 316.367 Sexual relations and practices from the social structure point of view

⇨ 343.54 Offences against decency, family order, morality

⇨ 392.6 Relations between the sexes

Chastity. Sexual purity

Celibacy

⇨ 316.366 Celibacy. Bachelorhood. Spinsterhood

Continence

Sexual perversions, deviations   Unnatural acts. Sadism

Prostitution. Procuring. Public sexual morality   Traffic in women (white slave trade)

Adultery

Ethics and society   Human respect. Decency, decorum. Improprieties

Chivalry. Honour. Good manners. Civility. Courtesy. Politeness. Gallantry. Social ease, savoir-vivre. Coarseness. Rudeness

Small talk. Art of conversation. Gossip. Scandal-mongering

Sincerity. Candour. Frankness. Truthfulness, veracity. Lying, mendacity. Deceitfulness. Flattery. Slander. Calumny. Libel. Anonymous letters

Luxury. Opulence. Sybaritism. Finery. Ostentation

177.5

Social inequality   Caste feeling. Class-consciousness. Snobbery. Social climbing. Upstarts

Love. Friendship. Affection. Coquetry. Flirtation

Love. Affection (nonsexual)

⇨ 173 Family ethics

⇨ 176 Sexual ethics. Sexual morality

Coquetry. Flirtation

Friendship

Favourable social attitude or interaction

Philanthropy. Humanity. Charity

Compassion. Sympathy. Pity

Devotion. Sacrifice

Appreciation. Gratitude

Unfavourable social attitude or interaction

Asocial attitudes   Misanthropy. Individualism. The loner (propensity for solitude). Ingratitude

⇨ 316.624.2 Marginal behaviour. Asocial behaviour

Antisocial attitudes   Spitefulness

⇨ -056.88 Persons ill-disposed to their fellows

⇨ 316.624.3 Antisocial behaviour

Duties of justice to others. Integrity, probity. Theft. Deceit

Ethics and temperance   Morality of intoxication, addiction

Use of intoxicating liquor   Drunkenness. Alcoholism. Dipsomania

Total abstinence (teetotalism). Temperance, moderation

In company. Social drinking

Use of tobacco. Smoking. Tobacco craving

Use of various stimulants and narcotics (opium, hashish, chloral, ether, cocaine, etc.)

Other kinds of intemperance

Various other ethical questions

Ethics of the press

Cruelty to children. Ill-treatment of children

Ethics in relation to animals. Animal rights   Cruelty to animals. Protection of animals. Vivisection

⇨ 343.58 Cruelty to animals. Causing unnecessary suffering in animals

⇨ 502.172 Protection of endangered living elements

⇨ 57.084 Experiments and observations on whole living organisms, plants or animals

⇨ 59 Zoology

Swearing. Oaths, curses. Profanity of speech

⇨ 81`373.47 Exclamatory words. Oaths. Swearwords

Heroism. Bravery. Courage. Cowardice

Respect for human life   Duelling. Suicide. Murder. Self-defence. Euthanasia

Vices. Failings   Pride. Conceit. Greed. Avarice. Envy. Anger. Lying. Gluttony. Indolence, sloth. Obstinacy. Hatred. Cruelty. Sensuality

⇨ 27-423.58 Deadly sins. Pride. Avarice. Envy. Lust. Anger. Gluttony. Sloth

Virtues. Good qualities   Humility. Modesty. Benevolence. Generosity. Magnanimity. Amity, friendliness. Sagacity. Patience. Diligence. Perseverance. Orderliness. Fidelity

⇨ 27-423.77 Moral virtues. Humility. Penitence. Modesty. Zeal. Chastity. Poverty. Obedience